Interior of the Portuguese synagogue in Amsterdam by Emanuel de Witte, 1680. This painting has been hung in the Amsterdam Rijksmuseum, the Jerusalem Museum and in New York at the Frick Collection.

Ton Tielen (8 Jun 2016) commented that the women and men and most of the children in the foreground are mostly non-Jewish spectators. A wooden railing separated them from the Sephardim. To the right on the foreground are two Jewish children, with their hats and tefillin.